John Miltons Epic Poem, Paradise Lost - 1827 Words

Satan the Epic Hero In John Miltons epic poem, , he recreates the Genesis story of the fall of man, as it was caused by Satan. It is Satans fatal flaws of pride and ambition that led him to battle with Heaven, and even though he was defeated, he would not give up his battle against God. Ultimately, he did accomplish both the instilling of sin into man and the promise of doing evil against both God and man for an eternity. On the other hand, throughout the epic poem, we also observe Satan struggle with despair, desire and even repentance, making him seem more human than evil, eliciting our sympathy for him. Satans fatal flaws, continuous inner struggles, and determination to wage covert battles in his war against God (that he knows he cannot win), makes him Miltons unlikely hero. One would believe that Milton, a Puritan, would have no trouble casting God as the hero, and Satan as the antagonist (Gabriel). However, when looking in the past history, Milton saw that most epic heroes had conflicts that interfered with them from achieving their goals. God and his Son have no conflict, and Adam’s story doesn’t start off till later in the epic poem at the Fall of Man. Milton’s political ideals have been expressed in the many pamphlets he wrote during his lifetime. He fights for the freedom of the individual (Perry). Gamper 2 Another example that shows he would choose Satan as a hero because he wanted freedom to being his own individual. Therefore, Milton was forcedShow MoreRelated John Miltons Epic Poem, Lost Paradise Essays601 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Milton created an epic poem unlike any other. He created the poem while going blind, and recited it in its entirety, after he went completely blind, for his daughters to record. Paradise Lost is arguably the greatest epic poem ever written, though not the most well-known. It is so great because it is so modern. Other epics, such as The Iliad or The Odyssey written by Homer are poems of the past. They incorporate a religion that is no longer followed, and are something of science fiction todayRead MoreJohn Miltons Epic Poem about Satan, Paradise Lost632 Words   |  2 PagesJohn milton is one of the most influential men in english writing today because of his outstanding work. He was an outstanding poet, who wrote poems that were outside the box. A great example would be one of his most famous pieces Paridise lost, written in blank verse. In paridise lost Milton concerns the biblical story of the fall of man by using Adam and Eve as the prime example. As Paridise lost goes on you can definetly start to notice that he puts one specific character ahead of all othersRead MoreJohn Milton s Paradise Lost And Alexander Pope s The Rape Of The Lock1220 Words   |  5 PagesEpic conventions are things that most epic poems have in common. They are not always identical, but they have common characteristics. Examples of epic conventions are a hero or individual that is beneficial in some way to a community, a journey in which the narrative takes the reader to different regions, and supernatural forces. The most common epic conventions are a long narrative poem about the great deeds of a human hero, recounting past events, elevated language, invoking a muse, the hero’sRead MoreHeroic in Paradise Lost by John Lost Essay1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of the heroic in John Miltons Paradise Lost is one that has often been the focus of critical debate, namely in the debate surrounding which character is the true hero of the poem. Most critics of the subject have, however, noted that the difficultly in defining the hero of Miltons work is mainly due to our â€Å"vague understanding of what constitutes heroism†1 and the fact that â€Å"the term itself is equivocal†2. The vague terming of what heroism can be defined as it what draws criticsRead MoreIs Satan A Hero Or Villain?1258 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Milton’s Paradise Lost The heroic qualities of Satan in John Milton’s Paradise Lost are overwhelmingly masked by his ‘satanic’ and villainous acts which qualify his character to fall into a category of villain rather than hero. Paradise Lost is an epic poem and like all epic poems, requires an epic hero with a tragic flaw. The tragic flaws of Satan are too prominent and effectual to call him an epic hero, but rather these flaws, or evil characteristics, carry any title of epic hero whichRead MoreParadise Lost: An Epic to Surpass All Epics Essay1004 Words   |  5 PagesAn Epic to Surpass all Epics The epic poem Paradise Lost by John Milton was written during a time of religious revolution in England. The subject matter of this epic poem, in the words of Milton, is [o]f mans first disobedience (line 1). In this blank verse, Milton refers to the story in Genesis where Eve tempts Adam to eat the forbidden fruit. In the first five lines of the poem he describes the beginning of mortality, suffering, and mans restoration, as the fruit [o]f that forbiddenRead MoreSimilarities Between Paradise Lost And Paradise Lost1239 Words   |  5 PagesParadise Lost comparison to three epics of antiquity There are many ways to compare and contrast Paradise Lost with the three other epics of antiquity. The epics are Paradise Lost, Aeneid, The Epic Gilgamesh, and The Iliad. The most obvious difference is era. Paradise Lost is an epic poem from the 17th century and is written in blank verse which is the most modern phrasing method. According to an article on Enotes, out of the other three epics, the Iliad and Aeneid came from the same dactyllicRead MoreMr. Milton’s â€Å"Paradise Lost†1935 Words   |  8 Pageshe Poem Andrew Marvell’s poem chronicles his reactions to the artistic merit of John Milton’s Paradise Lost (1667) in seven verse paragraphs of fifty-four rhymed iambic pentameter lines. The opening sentence forms a grammatical unit of ten lines. The remaining lines, marked with a grammatical pause at the end of each couplet, follow the poetic practice of end-stopped couplets. Initially, Marvell contrasts Milton’s â€Å"slender Book† with its â€Å"vast Design,† its Christian topic of salvation history andRead MoreSatan As A Hero And A Villain916 Words   |  4 PagesSatan as a Hero and a Villain (Analysis of Satan in John Milton’s Paradise Lost) John Milton created Paradise Lost out of twelve books of well constructed poetry. A poem depicting and going into detail of the story of Adam and Eve, man’s creation and fall. The poem focuses on the actions of one particular character, Satan. Milton introduces his readers to Satan in Book I as a hero, trying to get revenge against God for throwing him out of Heaven, being banished to Hell. But as Satan carries on withRead MoreJohn Milton : A Strong Advocate Of Political Liberty Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical liberty, John Milton was a poet during the Renaissance (Puchner 2742). He was born on December 9, 1608 in London to a middle class family. His parents were John Milton, Sr., a professional composer, and his mother, Sara Jeffery. Milton had numerous siblings. He was only survived by three of them; however, some of them died at young ages. During Milton’s writing years, he wrote many pamphlets based on political, religious, populism, and educational topics . However, Milton’s main focus, though

Roberto Clemente Speech Free Essays

â€Å"He gave the term â€Å"complete† a new meaning. He made the word â€Å"superstar† seem inadequate. He had about him the touch of royalty. We will write a custom essay sample on Roberto Clemente Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now † This was a quote stated by former commissioner of Major League Baseball, Bowie Kuhn while speaking during Roberto Clemente’s eulogy. When baseball season came around in seventh grade, my coach of the Lakeland Copper Beech Middle School team, Fabrizo Morejon, explained that he wore the number 21 in honor of his childhood hero Roberto Clemente. He seemed such an advocate of this man that it gave me a strong motive to research and to find out who this man really was. When I began to read all about him, I found that his career was not just filled with spectacular baseball achievements, but even more so was all about humanitarianism, and about Clemente’s drive to help others and be a source of pride for his native country. This is something that you don’t see to often today. In a day where baseball players today make tens of million dollars annually and are virtually superstars wherever they go many players cannot be bothered with the well being of others. This instantly became a favorite hero of mine. This speech will take you through the early life and beginning struggles of his career, through his success in the major leagues, ending with his tragic death and legacy left on the world. So lets go way back, back to the 1930’s in Puerto Rico where Roberto was born. I. Early life, Getting drafted, Struggles in the majors A. From the beginning always close to his family 1. Formally Roberto Walker Clemente was born on August 18th, 1934 CLICK in a small town located in Carolina in the north east portion of Puerto Rico 2. Roberto was the youngest of seven children born to Luisa Walker and Melchor Clemente 3. His family was very poor growing up so Roberto happily spent his childhood working part time jobs pitching into the family well being B. Growing up 1. Roberto was a natural athlete from the time he emerged on the scene in his high school years a. Was a four sport varsity athlete playing football in the fall, basketball in the winter, and baseball and track and field in the spring b. Because Roberto was so good at track and field they let him just ome to the matches because practices interfered with his baseball schedule, which always came first 2. Coming directly from Roberto’s journal from high school â€Å"I loved the game (baseball that being) so much that even though our playing field was muddy and we had many trees on it, I used to play many hours every day†, this showed how much Roberto truly loved playing the game C. It wasn’t long before Roberto’s exceptional an d â€Å"superstarish† play wasn’t noticed 1. In 1954 Roberto was signed by the Pittsburg Pirates for 4,000 dollars 2. Moving to America was a major culture shock and change for Roberto a. Racial tensions existed between he and his teammates as well as between he and the local media and this really frustrated Roberto and made it tough to concentrate on baseball b. Clemente responded to the racism he faced by declaring this postgame response â€Å"I don’t believe in color†¦I always respect everyone and thanks to God, my mother and my father taught me never to hate, never to dislike someone because of their color†, this really shows his true care and respect for the nature of people in general c. Teammate Joe Black was the most import to his assimilation into American society, being the only other player to speak Spanish D. His career had a really rough beginning 1. His first season was cut short because he got into a drunk driving accident hurting his back, hitting a measly . 225 even when healthy 2. After the shaky start to his career Roberto decided to go through marine camp and become a reserve in order to get into a stronger better condition as a player Going into the marines and committing himself to baseball once again took his career for a turn for the better II. Successes A. Roberto Clemente made a strong comeback after his abysmal start to his career in his first season 1. CLICK By the start of his second season, Roberto was hitting leadoff for the Pirates playing the entire season, hitting . 314, a very respectable average 2. Helped the Pirates win a world series vs. the New York Yankees (I know it hurts to say) 3. He went to his first all star game that same season B. During the middle of his career, Roberto got married 1. On November 14th, 1964 Roberto Clemente got married to Vera Zabala back in his hometown of Carolina, of course in Puerto Rico 2. He had three children with Vera Zabala named Roberto Jr. , Luis Roberto, and Enrique Roberto C. From the time that Roberto turned his around his career he was a very consistent and productive player 1. After 1961, which was his breakout season talked about earlier, Clemente went on to win a Gold Glove and was an all star team starter, every season for the next decade, VERY CONSISTANT 2. In 1966 he won the most prestigious award in the MLB, which is the Most Valuable Player award 3. Ended his career with exactly 3000 career hits, being only the tenth player ever to do that at the time a. Many of you know this man CLICK who just got 3000 hits CLICK and was king of New York for a few days b. However, Clemente got to this feat playing in fewer games than Derek Jeter However, sometimes in life it seems that bad things just happen to the good people III. Death and Legacy A. Roberto’s life came to a tragic end, in a truly charitable way, just the way that I’m sure he would have wanted it to happen 1. When the city of Managua in Nicaragua was hit with a massive earthquake, Roberto, not even a native of that country was the first to step up and help 2. Because there were numerous rumors that the relief effort materials were being diverted by government officials, Roberto wanted to fly there himself and make sure they got the materials themselves 3. New years eve, 1972, Roberto got in a plane in attempt to personally deliver the relief materials himself, CLICK however the plane crashed just after take off killing Roberto and everyone else on board B. Today Roberto is still remembered in many different ways 1. In Pittsburgh, the major bridge leading near the stadium is named after him CLICK, along with the right field wall in the new stadium is 21 feet high CLICK and nobody is allowed to wear the number 21 in a pirates uniform in honor of Clemente 2. The MLB made an award in his name, which is an annual award given to the player who â€Å"best exemplifies the game of baseball, sportsmanship, community involvement and the individual’s contribution to his team† CLICK So even though Roberto has been gone for over 35 years the Major Leagues remember him every year for his qualities not just on the field but off as well, not something that can be said by to many players I hope that through this presentation, going from the beginnings of Roberto’s life through the ups and the downs of his career and finally ending with his heroic death and legacy, everyone got a real feel for who this man really is. I did not want to stand up here and you guys think that I was just talking about some baseball player who had really good stats and hit a lot of homeruns. Because that’s not the case with this man, at all. The life of Roberto Clemente is one consisting of outrageous baseball statistics CLICK, a profound love of the game, and a desire to help others. With all of his charity work and accomplishments Roberto Clemente’s legend lives on and he continues to inspire not only Latinos, but people all over the world. To leave you all with one quote from Roberto that truly just exemplified his personality, â€Å"Any time you have an opportunity to make a difference in this world and you don’t, then you are wasting your time on Earth. CLICK How to cite Roberto Clemente Speech, Essay examples

Maiya Dean-Tuggle Essays (941 words) - Entheogens, Euphoriants

Maiya Dean-Tuggle Professor. Supinksi Informative Essay 1, April 2018 MARJUIANA What do you know about Marijuana? If you don't know too much my essay should cover what it is, Marijuana is a substance made fromthe dried, shredded leaves, flowers, and other parts of a plant in the genus Cannabis. The term cannabis generally refers to marijuana and other drugs made from the same plant, including marijuana, hashish, and hash oil . The main active ingredient in cannabis is THC (Delta-9 tetra hydro-cannabinol) this what gives the "high " Cannabis is usually smoked in hand-rolled cigarettes known as joints or bongs and many more things that can be edible. Also t here is so many names/ slang words for marijuana, examples are pot, weed, bud, skunk, Mary Jane etc. This essay generally seeks to give information about marijuana . Cannabisis amixtureof theCannabisplantwhich is used as apsychoactive drugand asmedicine. Pharmacologically, the mostpsych oactive constituentof cannabis istetrahydrocannabinol(THC); it is one of 483 known compounds in the plant, including at le ast 84 othercannabinoids, such as cannabidiol(CBD),cannabinol(CBN),tetrahydrocannabivarin(THCV) andcannabigerol(CBG) (Benson 40). Cannabis is often consumed for itspsychoactiveandphysiologicaleffects which can include increased mood or euphoria, relaxation, and increase in appetite. Negative side-effects can sometimes include loss of short-term memory, dry mouth, impaired motor skills, reddening of the eyes, and paranoia or anxiousness ( Iverson 194). The common uses of cannabis are as arecreationalormedicinaldrug, and as part ofreligious or spiritual rites; the earliest recorded uses date from the3rd millennium BC. Since the early 20th century cannabis has always hadlegal restrictionswith thepossession, use, and sale of cannabis preparations containing psychoactive cannabinoids considered a criminal offence in most countries of the world; theUnited Nationssurvey classifies cannabis as the most used drug worldwide. In 2004, the United Nations estimated that globally approximately 4% of theadult world population(162million people) use cannabis annually, and that approximately 0.6% (22.5million) of people use cannabis daily (Barceloux 23). Cannabis used medically has several well-sighted beneficial effects. Among these are: the amelioration of nausea and vomiting, stimulation of hunger in chemotherapy and AIDS patients, lowered intraocular eye pressure, as well as general (pain reliever). Less confirmed individual studies also have been conducted indicating cannabis to be beneficial to a gamut of conditions running from multiple sclerosis to depression. Other Synthesized cannabinoids are also given as prescription drugs, including Marinol (dronabinol in the United States and Germany) and Cesamet (nabilone in Canada, Mexico, the United States and the United Kingdom) ( Leonard 8). Currently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have not approved smoking cannabis as a cure to any disease or as medication; because the FDA claims that there is no scientific evidence. Others, for example American Society of Addiction Medicine, say that "Medical marijuana" is a fallacy because the plant parts in question does not meet the standard requirements so as to be approved as medication. Eighteen states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis for medical use in state laws. The United States Supreme Court has ruled inUnited States v. Oakland Cannabis Buyers' CoopandGonzales v. Raichthat only the federal government that can regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes and even if the state legalize it (procon.org 1). Canada, Spain, The Netherlands, France, Italy, Czech Republic and Austria have legalized some form of cannabis or extract containing a low dose of THC for medicinal use. Recently, Uruguay has also taken decided lega lise and regulate the production and sale of the drug (procon.org 1). THC and THC-COOH, can be measured in blood stream, urine, hair, oral fluid or sweat usingchromatographicmethod, this method is used by the government and other organisations to test for drugs. The amount in concentrations found from such tests can often be helpful in separating the active use from passive exposure, elapsed time since use, and extent or duration of use. These tests cannot, however, distinguish between authorized cannabis smokers for medical purposes from unauthorized recreational smoking. Commercial cannabinoids immunoassays, often employed as the initial screening method when testing physiological specimens for marijuana presence, have different degrees of cross-reactivity with THC and its metabolites. Urine contains predominantly THC-COOH, while hair, oral fluid and sweat contain primarily THC ( Leonard 27). Blood may contain both substances, with the relative amounts dependent

buy custom Childrens Early Learning and Development essay

buy custom Children's Early Learning and Development essay Allowing time for play is the best thing that parents can do for the health of their children. Mixing imaginative, creative and active play makes a well balanced play diet; it is the best for their social and emotional development since every play has its own contribution to an all-round psychological progress. Instructional strategies are things that are arranged; designed by teachers to establish the teacher-student-and subject matter interaction, or any other combination of the three elements. French (2007) says that play is very beneficial in early childhood education; instructors view it as an essential means of enhancing all aspects of child development. Most people think that children playing are just having fun and enjoying themselves, but this is not the case. As a child plays, he/she learns about himself and what he can do. Through play, children develop problem solving skills, social and interpersonal skills. This paper discusses the importance of play as an instructive st rategy. One of the reason why instructors should involve play as one of their strategies is that it helps children in their vocabulary and linguistic development. This is instilled while singing with them or engaging them in activities that involve the use of rhyming words. According to experts, as quoted by originalplay.com, nurturing verbal language skills during the erly childhood years is exceptionally more important than teaching them phonetics and word-recognition. Talking to a child, as a parent, enables him/her pick up your language quickly. Singing songs, story-telling, engaging in talking and reciting poems enhances childrens language skills (Samuelson 2009). Secondly, it is the primary means for children exploring the world, investigating its properties and to build an understanding of how this world works. For instance, we may look at a group of children as they play in a block area. Using wooden unit bocks, they begin by stacking different shapes and sizes of blocks, one on top of the other. They use a rug as the surface and randomly place larger blocks on top of the smaller ones, rectangular on top of triangular, and place them haphazardly making the tower to fall quickly. Afterwards, one of them will come up with an idea; if they put on hats like the real construction workers the building may stand but not. So another one will come with a different idea; until one will finally come up with an idea that the small blocks seem to rest steadily on the bigger ones than otherwise. At long last, they make a stable tower and finally call the teacher joyfully to see their accomplishment (originalplay.com). Thirdly, it helps children develop self-esteem. It promotes joy; which is suitable for health and self-estteem. While playing, children interact among themselves. The ordinary things and tasks that children accomplish while playing boost their confidence if they succeed in them. This consequently raises their self esteem and the will of taking even more challenging tasks (Frankel 2010). Fourthly, imaginative play develops childrens potential by developing their creativity and imagination. For instance, role-play triggers childrens urge to develop new ideas such as giving voices to toys and inventing adventures. Through such play, the child begins to investigate facts and fiction, understand the world and develop a positive relationship between themselves and other people (Samuelson 2009). Lastly, through play the childs learning process is self-sustained on the basis of his own love of learning and engaging with life playfully. Play is not a fixed plan; one develops new methods and strategies to do things as they play. This increases the efficiency of the brain function. There are many benefits associated with using play as a learning method. However, most people think that children only play for fun. I think that instructors and teachers should employ it as one of the main methods of teaching due to its overwhelming benefits. Parents, also, should let children take lead in play. It can be immensely helpful for them as well as the kids. Buy custom Children's Early Learning and Development essay

Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning

Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning After reading her poems for the first time, Robert wrote to her: I love your verses with all my heart, dear Miss Barrett- I do, as I say, love these verses with all my heart. With that first meeting of hearts and minds, a love affair would blossom between the two. Elizabeth told Mrs. Martin that she was getting deeper and deeper into correspondence with Robert Browning, poet, and mystic; and we are growing to be the truest of friends. During the 20 months of their courtship, the couple exchanged nearly 600 letters. But what is love without obstacles and hardships? As Frederic Kenyon writes, Mr. Browning knew that he was asking to be allowed to take charge of an invalids life- believed indeed that she was even worse than was really the case, and that she was hopelessly incapacitated from ever standing on her feet- -but was sure enough of his love to regard that as no obstacle. The Bonds of Marriage Their subsequent marriage was a secret matter, taking place on September 12, 1846, at Marylebone Church. Most of her family members eventually accepted the match, but her father disowned her, would not open her letters, and refused to see her. Elizabeth stood by her husband, and she credited him with  saving her life. She wrote to Mrs. Martin: I admire such qualities as he has- fortitude, integrity. I loved him for his courage in adverse circumstances which were yet felt by him more literally than I could feel them. Always he has had the greatest power over my heart because I am of those weak women who reverence strong men. Out of their courtship and those early days of marriage came an outpouring of poetic expression. Elizabeth finally gave her little packet of sonnets to her husband, who could not keep them to himself. I dared not, he said, reserve to myself the finest sonnets written in any language since Shakespeares. The collection finally appeared in 1850 as Sonnets from the Portuguese. Kenyon writes, With the single exception of Rossetti, no modern English poet has written of love with such genius, such beauty, and such sincerity, as the two who gave the most beautiful example of it in their own lives. The Brownings lived in Italy for the next 15 years of their lives, until Elizabeth died in Roberts arms on June 29, 1861. It was while they were living there in Italy that they both wrote some of their most memorable poems. Love Letters The romance between Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett is legendary. Heres the first letter that Robert Browning sent to Elizabeth, who would eventually become his wife.   January 10th, 1845New Cross, Hatcham, SurreyI love your verses with all my heart, dear Miss Barrett,and this is no off-hand complimentary letter that I shall write,whatever else, no prompt matter-of-course recognition of your genius and there a graceful and natural end of the thing: since the day last week when I first read your poems, I quite laugh to remember how I have been turning again in my mind what I should be able to tell you of their effect upon mefor in the first flush of delight I  thought  I would this once get out of my habit of purely passive enjoyment, when I do really enjoy, and thoroughly justify my admirationperhaps even, as a loyal fellow-craftsman should, try and find fault and do you some little good to be proud of herafter!but nothing comes of it allso into me has it gone, and part of me has it become, this great living poetry of yours, not a flower of which but took root and grew... oh, how different that is from lying to be dried and pressed flat and priz ed highly and put in a book with a proper account at bottom, and shut up and put away... and the book called a Flora, besides! After all, I need not give up the thought of doing that, too, in time; because even now, talking with whoever is worthy, I can give reason for my faith in one and another excellence, the fresh strange music, the affluent language, the exquisite pathos and true new brave thoughtbut in this addressing myself to you, your own self, and for the first time, my feeling rises  altogether. I do, as I say, love these Books with all my heart and I love you too: do you know I was once seeing you? Mr. Kenyon said to me one morning would you like to see Miss Barrett?then he went to announce me,then he returned... you were too unwell and now it is years agoand I feel as at some  untoward  passage in my travelsas if I had been close, so close, to some  worlds wonder  in chapel on crypt,... only a screen to push and I might have entered but there was some slight ... so it now seems... slight and just-sufficient bar to  admission and the half-opened door shut, and I went home my thousands of miles, and the sight was never to be!Well, these Poems were to beand this true thankful joy and pride with which I feel myself. Yours ever faithfully Robert Browning

Social Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Topic - Essay Example Of all of the diseases which are passed along socially, HIV and AIDS are the most feared and misunderstood. The purpose of this paper is to examine and research the social disease known as HIV and AIDS. When talking about any disease, even sexually transmitted diseases, it is important to know that diseases are not prejudice. Yes, there is genetically inherited diseases which take place with respect to an individual’s genotype and there are social diseases that result from certain cases of being exposed or from people’s behavior, like unsafe sex. Diseases however are a medical problem and are without human prejudice. Diseases, whether bacterial in nature or viral in nature, are opportunists and will take over and infect any available living thing that meets their needs. In other words, a viral infection does not simply take over in those with a type of orientation or religion. It happens when host is available. When the first reports of HIV and AIDS came into view in the 1980’s, a sexual revolution had ended and then it came a deadly STD where before that, only menacing STD’s were around. Because of the medical scare attached to HIV and AIDS, people responded as they have for millennia with a need to find blame. The 1980’s also brought in the beginning of a socially acceptable alternative to the strait life style. For many, this meant an easy scapegoat. The many gay men just gaining a sense of social acceptance were quickly labeled as carriers and/or spreaders of HIV and AIDS. The truth of the matter however, is that HIV is a virus which is spread through certain ways. This in actuality, has nothing to do with whether a person is gay or straight but rather whether the person has had unprotected sex or has been infected with HIV positive blood. To better understand how HIV is spread, it is important to mention that HIV is categorized as a ‘retro virus’. A r etro virus is a virus that can be contracted but can then lay inactive for a

Management Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Management Research Paper - Essay Example Organizations are found to be successful even with large scale change initiatives and have also failed to undertake even small changes. It is the complexity of the change process which results in failures in managing the change initiatives (Yaeger, â€Å"The Complexities of Large-Scale Change†). Successful change organisations have realized the importance of inter-relationship between components and how changes in one component can impact on another. Strong rigor and methodology is identified as the prerequisite for a process which leads to well aligned decisions and possesses the required flexibility to meet the changing market needs (Yaeger, â€Å"The Complexities of Large-Scale Change†). The last decade has demonstrated an increasing flow in the extent of research on organizational change. This essay is a search for the general commonalities and differences on change management efforts in different organizations focusing on the extent of failure of such attempts and the reasons for the same. Apart from concentrating on the different sets of changes such as barriers and common mistakes while implementing certain types of changes, the main interest of the essay is focusing on the inhibitors and enablers of change, drivers of decisions for undertaking large scale change management programs and evaluation of the same. The study aims to find a link between the enablers and inhibitors causing the success or failures of change initiatives in organizations (CEP, â€Å"Why Change Fails or Succeeds†). The study provides a crucial literature on the subject highlighting on the arguments and views presented by researchers and authors. The analysis is done in the light of various organizational behavioural theories and their applications in real life organizational settings. Rate of failure of change in organizations As mentioned, given the numerous criteria for successful changes in organizations, all changes are not found to be successful. The rate of failure of change programs can be very high. According to Maurer (1997), technological changes demonstrate a failure rate of 20%, while 29% of all mergers and acquisitions fail. 30% of the attempts of business process re-engineering are found to fail while 50% of the initiatives to improve quality end in failures (Cook, Macaulay & Coldicott, â€Å"The rate of failure of change†). Kotter has identified some of the pitfalls in change management, such as lack of compelling reasons or issues for the change, unclear objectives or goals for the change, inadequate planning, unrealistic time scales, inadequate participation etc. Too much allowance for complacency, lack of short term whims, insufficient guidelines or instructions for the change have been identified as some of the other pitfalls in the management of changes in organizations (Cook, Macaulay & Coldicott, â€Å"The rate of failure of change†). Critical analysis of why some change programs are more effective than others Previous research reveals that much of the change initiatives